Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in the treatment of dyslipidemia

Abstract

Dyslipidemia makes a substantial contribution to the mortality as one of the leading pathogenetic factors for cardiovascular diseases. The nature and degree of the effect on the blood lipid spectrum may vary in the lipid-lowering drugs from different groups. Recently, a new class of PCSK9 inhibitors has been developed, which activity is associated with a protein involved in the low-density lipoprotein receptor control. In clinical practice, this group is represented by monoclonal antibody drugs evolocumab and alirocumab. The proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are promising drugs to be used in the combination lipid-lowering therapy, which, given the results of clinical trials, can be recommended at this point on a third-priority basis after statins and ezetimibe. However, it is vital to indicate that these drugs have a sufficient safety profile, which makes it possible to prescribe these drugs in a triple combination adding it to the two first-line drugs regimen which patients had been given before. It is obvious that further study of PCSK9 will expand the range of their use for the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia up to indications in cases where statins are limited and a more pronounced lipid-lowering effect is required to achieve target cholesterol levels.