Possibilities of activation of mucociliary transport in patients with inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses

Abstract

Impaired mucociliary clearance is the main mechanism of pathogenesis of acute and chronic diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Viral infections have a negative impact on the condition of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, increasing the secretion of mucus by goblet cells, increasing its viscosity and reducing the intensity of the beating of cilia, making it difficult to remove mucus from the lumen of the respiratory tract and sinuses. The article discusses approaches to the treatment of acute and chronic sinusitis from the perspective of improving the functioning of mucociliary transport. Up-to-date requirements for drug therapy of both acute and chronic diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses first necessitate a reasonable, evidence-based approach to the prescription of antibacterial agents, as the bacterial diseases account for no more than 2% of clinical cases in the sinusitis pattern, and even in this group, antibiotic therapy can only be prescribed in case of chronic, severe or complicated course of the disease. However, as most episodes of inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses are directly or indirectly associated with viral infection and post-viral changes, the next challenge facing the clinician is the choice of optimal therapy targeting the main link in the pathogenesis of the disease – correction of impaired mucociliary clearance. And the third issue that needs to be solved in planning drug therapy is the effectiveness and safety of the prescribed drug with the aim to minimize the risk of side effects. The authors of the article point to the effectiveness of the use of the herbal medicine Respero Myrtol, which has a mucolytic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect, in the treatment of acute and chronic sinusitis, as well as protracted forms of rhinitis