Affiliation:
1. N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine
2. N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine;
A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
Abstract
Introduction. Tendon grafts are widely demanded in reconstructive plastic surgery. Allogeneic tendons potentially have a number of advantages. However, the method of long-term storage of allogeneic tendons has not been optimized to date.Aim. Selection of an optimal cryoprotectant for the storage of human tendon allografts at ultra-low temperatures, which allows preserving the native tissue structure.Material and methods. We studied M. tibialis anterior tendon grafts taken from tissue donors. Endocellular/penetrating cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol-400, glycerol) and exocellular/non-penetrating cryoprotectants (glucose solution, albumin solution) were used in the cryopreservation process. Tendon mechanical properties were evaluated using rupture and stretching-shear test, the general morphology of tendons, topography, dense and integrity of collagen fibers, preservation of cellular elements were microscopically evaluated.Results. Histological analysis showed that the safety of collagen and elastin fibers differed depending on the cryoprotectant used. At the same time, micro-fractures of collagen fibers were microscopically detected in all the experiments. In the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol-400 and their combination the structure of collagen fibers and cells did not undergo visible changes compared to the control, whereas in all the experiments with non-penetrating cryoprotectants the topography and orientation of the fibers were clearly disturbed, deformation of many cells in the tendons was also observed.Conclusions. Cryoprotectants based on dimethyl sulfoxide, polyethylene glycol and their combinations allowed us to preserve the structural integrity of allogeneic tendons. Non-penetrating cryoprotectants did not effectively preserve the integrity of collagen fibers and cells in the tendons and cannot be recommended for cryopreservation.
Publisher
IPO Association of Transplantologists
Subject
Transplantation,Immunology,Immunology and Allergy,Surgery
Reference14 articles.
1. Kanyukov VN, Podoprigora RN, Trubina OM, Tayguzin RSh, Strekalovskaya AD. Metody konservatsii donorskikh tkaney v oftal'mologii: uchebnoe posobie. Orenburg; 2009. (In Russ.).
2. Oswald I, Rickert M, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A, Fonseca Ulloa CA, Jahnke A. The influence of cryopreservation and quick-freezing on the mechanical properties of tendons. J Biomech. 2017;64:226–230. PMID: 28893393 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.08.018
3. Tesevich LI, Baryash VV. Plasticheskoe vozmeshchenie defektov i deformatsiy chelyustno-litsevoy oblasti svobodnoy peresadkoy tkaney: ucheb.-metod. posobie. Minsk: BGMU Publ.; 2010. (In Russ.).
4. Youngstrom DW, Barrett JG. Barrett engineering tendon: scaffolds, bioreactors, and models of regeneration. Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:3919030. PMID: 26839559 https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3919030
5. Xu Y, Duan D, He L, Ouyang L. Suture anchor versus allogenic tendon suture in treatment of Haglund syndrome. Med Sci Monit. 2020;26:e927501. PMID: 33208723 https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.927501