1. Ducor, P. Nat. Biotechnol. 17, 1027–1028 (1999).
2. 307 F3d 1351 (2002). The US Supreme Court refused an appeal in June 2003.
3. See for example section 60(5)(b), Patents Act 1977 (UK); Article 11.2 Patent Act (Germany), in force since 1981.
4. Section 55.2(6), Patent Act 1985 (Canada).
5. See Monsanto Co. v. Stauffer Chemical Co. (NZ) [1984] FSR 559; Smith Kline & French Laboratories Ltd v. Attorney-General (NZ) [1991] 2 NZLR 560.