The diversity of quinoa morphological traits and seed metabolic composition

Author:

Tabatabaei Iman,Alseekh SalehORCID,Shahid Mohammad,Leniak Ewa,Wagner MateuszORCID,Mahmoudi Henda,Thushar Sumitha,Fernie Alisdair R.,Murphy Kevin M.,Schmöckel Sandra M.,Tester MarkORCID,Mueller-Roeber BerndORCID,Skirycz AleksandraORCID,Balazadeh Salma

Abstract

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an herbaceous annual crop of the amaranth family (Amaranthaceae). It is increasingly cultivated for its nutritious grains, which are rich in protein and essential amino acids, lipids, and minerals. Quinoa exhibits a high tolerance towards various abiotic stresses including drought and salinity, which supports its agricultural cultivation under climate change conditions. The use of quinoa grains is compromised by anti-nutritional saponins, a terpenoid class of secondary metabolites deposited in the seed coat; their removal before consumption requires extensive washing, an economically and environmentally unfavorable process; or their accumulation can be reduced through breeding. In this study, we analyzed the seed metabolomes, including amino acids, fatty acids, and saponins, from 471 quinoa cultivars, including two related species, by liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry. Additionally, we determined a large number of agronomic traits including biomass, flowering time, and seed yield. The results revealed considerable diversity between genotypes and provide a knowledge base for future breeding or genome editing of quinoa.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Library and Information Sciences,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty,Computer Science Applications,Education,Information Systems,Statistics and Probability

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