The structural pathology for hypophosphatasia caused by malfunctional tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase

Author:

Yu Yating,Rong Kewei,Yao Deqiang,Zhang QingORCID,Cao Xiankun,Rao Bing,Xia Ying,Lu Yi,Shen Yafeng,Yao Ying,Xu HongtaoORCID,Ma PeixiangORCID,Cao YuORCID,Qin AnORCID

Abstract

AbstractHypophosphatasia (HPP) is a metabolic bone disease that manifests as developmental abnormalities in bone and dental tissues. HPP patients exhibit hypo-mineralization and osteopenia due to the deficiency or malfunction of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate-containing molecules outside the cells, promoting the deposition of hydroxyapatite in the extracellular matrix. Despite the identification of hundreds of pathogenic TNAP mutations, the detailed molecular pathology of HPP remains unclear. Here, to address this issue, we determine the crystal structures of human TNAP at near-atomic resolution and map the major pathogenic mutations onto the structure. Our study reveals an unexpected octameric architecture for TNAP, which is generated by the tetramerization of dimeric TNAPs, potentially stabilizing the TNAPs in the extracellular environments. Moreover, we use cryo-electron microscopy to demonstrate that the TNAP agonist antibody (JTALP001) forms a stable complex with TNAP by binding to the octameric interface. The administration of JTALP001 enhances osteoblast mineralization and promoted recombinant TNAP-rescued mineralization in TNAP knockout osteoblasts. Our findings elucidate the structural pathology of HPP and highlight the therapeutic potential of the TNAP agonist antibody for osteoblast-associated bone disorders.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry,Multidisciplinary

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