1. Bowditch, H. P. Über die Eigentümlichkeiten der reizbarkeit, welche die muskelfasern des herzens zeigen. Ber. Sachs. Ges. Wiss. 23, 652–689 (1871).
2. Palomeque, J., Vila Petroff, M. G. & Mattiazzi, A. Pacing staircase phenomenon in the heart: from Bodwitch to the XXI century. Hear. Lung Circ. 13, 410–420 (2004).
3. Higginbotham, M. B. et al. Regulation of stroke volume during submaximal and maximal upright exercise in normal man. Circ. Res. 58, 281–291 (1986).
4. Feldman, M. D., Gwathmey, J. K., Phillips, P., Schoen, F. & Morgan, J. P. Reversal of the force-frequency relationship in working myocardium from patients with end-stage heart failure. J. Appl. Cardiol. 3, 273–283 (1988).
5. Mulieri, L. A. et al. Altered myocardial froce-frequency relation in human heart failure. Circulation 85, 1743–1750 (1992).