Author:
Serrano David,Cortés-Avizanda Ainara,Zuberogoitia Iñigo,Blanco Guillermo,Benítez José Ramón,Ponchon Cecile,Grande Juan Manuel,Ceballos Olga,Morant Jon,Arrondo Eneko,Zabala Jabi,Montelío Eugenio,Ávila Enrique,González José L.,Arroyo Bernardo,Frías Óscar,Kobierzycki Erick,Arenas Rafael,Tella José Luis,Donázar José Antonio
Abstract
AbstractNatal dispersal, the movement between the birth and the first breeding site, has been rarely studied in long-lived territorial birds with a long-lasting pre-breeding stage. Here we benefited from the long-term monitoring programs of six populations of Egyptian vultures (Neophron percnopterus) from Spain and France to study how the rearing environment determines dispersal. For 124 vultures, we recorded a median dispersal distance of 48 km (range 0–656 km). Linear models were used to assess the effect of population and individual traits on dispersal distance at two spatial scales. Dispersal distances were inversely related to vulture density in the natal population, suggesting that birds perceive the abundance of conspecifics as a signal of habitat quality. This was particularly true for declining populations, so increasing levels of opportunistic philopatry seemed to arise in high density contexts as a consequence of vacancies created by human-induced adult mortality. Females dispersed further than males, but males were more sensitive to the social environment, indicating different dispersal tactics. Both sexes were affected by different individual attributes simultaneously and interactively with this social context. These results highlight that complex phenotype-by-environment interactions should be considered for advancing our understanding of dispersal dynamics in long-lived organisms.
Funder
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
Govern Balear
Spanish Ministerio of Economía y Competitividad
Basque Government
La Caixa-Severo Ochoa International PhD
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
22 articles.
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