Author:
Mazibuko-Motau Noluthando,Sobia Parveen,Xu Jiawu,Elsherbini Joseph Ahmed,San James E.,Lewis Lara,Mtshali Andile,Mzobe Gugulethu,Ntuli Lungelo,Abdool Karim Salim S.,Mansoor Leila E.,Abdool Karim Quarraisha,Kwon Douglas S.,Archary Derseree,Ngcapu Sinaye
Abstract
AbstractVaginal microbiota have been shown to be a modifier of protection offered by topical tenofovir in preventing HIV infection in women, an effect not observed with oral tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). It remains unclear whether PrEP can influence the vaginal microbiota composition. This study investigated the impact of daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in combination with emtricitabine for PrEP on the vaginal microbiota in South African women. At baseline, Lactobacillus iners or Gardnerella vaginalis dominant vaginal communities were observed in the majority of participants. In cross sectional analysis, vaginal microbiota were not affected by the initiation and use of PrEP. Longitudinal analysis revealed that Lactobacillus crispatus-dominant “cervicotypes 1 (CT1)” communities had high probability of remaining stable in PrEP group, but had a higher probability of transitioning to L. iners-dominant CT2 communities in non-PrEP group. L. iners-dominant communities were more likely to transition to communities associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), irrespective of PrEP or antibiotic use. As expected, BV-linked CTs had a higher probability of transitioning to L. iners than L. crispatus dominant CTs and this shift was not associated with PrEP use.
Funder
University of KwaZulu-Natal, Talent Excellence Scholarship
South African Medical Research Council
Scare Skills Postdoctoral Fellowship
National Research Foundation
European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Thuthuka Research Grant
Southern African Fogarty AITRP Programme
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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