Author:
Yamasaki Satoshi,Tokunou Tomotake,Maeda Toyoki,Horiuchi Takahiko
Abstract
AbstractHot spring bathing is practiced to help manage various diseases, including hypertension. We investigated the preventive effects on hypertension of hot spring bathing among older adults in a data analysis using responses to a previous questionnaire with the aim to identify a novel approach in the prevention and management of hypertension. Among 10,428 adults aged ≥ 65 years, we assessed the hot spring bathing habits of 4001 individuals with a history of hypertension. We calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals using a multivariable logistic regression model for history of hypertension. In multivariable logistic regression, age (≥ 85 years: OR, 1.410); history of arrythmia (OR, 1.580), stroke (OR, 1.590), gout (OR, 1.880), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.470), hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.680), renal disease (OR, 1.520), chronic hepatitis (OR, 0.648); and hot spring bathing at 19:00 or later (OR, 0.850) were independently and significantly associated with hypertension during the lifetime. We found an inverse relationship between habitual nighttime hot spring bathing and a history of hypertension. Prospective randomized controlled trials on nighttime hot spring bathing as a treatment for hypertension are warranted to investigate whether nighttime hot spring bathing can help in preventing hypertension among adults aged ≥ 65 years.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference29 articles.
1. Whelton, P. K. et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: A report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines. Hypertension 71, e13–e115 (2018).
2. Muntner, P. et al. Potential US population impact of the 2017 ACC/AHA high blood pressure guideline. Circulation 137, 109–118 (2018).
3. Yoon, S. S. et al. Trends in blood pressure among adults with hypertension: United States, 2003 to 2012. Hypertension 65, 54–61 (2015).
4. Hisamatsu, T. et al. Epidemiology of hypertension in Japan: Beyond the new 2019 Japanese guidelines. Hypertens. Res. 43, 1344–1351 (2020).
5. Joseph, P. N. et al. Police work and subclinical atherosclerosis. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 51, 700–707 (2009).