Author:
Farajzadeh Rouhi,Kahrobaei Siavash,Eftekhari Ali Akbari,Mjeni Rifaat A.,Boersma Diederik,Bruining Johannes
Abstract
AbstractA method based on the concept of exergy-return on exergy-investment is developed to determine the energy efficiency and CO2 intensity of polymer and surfactant enhanced oil recovery techniques. Exergy is the useful work obtained from a system at a given thermodynamics state. The main exergy investment in oil recovery by water injection is related to the circulation of water required to produce oil. At water cuts (water fraction in the total liquid produced) greater than 90%, more than 70% of the total invested energy is spent on injection and lift pumps, resulting in large CO2 intensity for the produced oil. It is shown that injection of polymer with or without surfactant can considerably reduce CO2 intensity of the mature waterflood projects by decreasing the volume of produced water and the exergy investment associated with its circulation. In the field examples considered in this paper, a barrel of oil produced by injection of polymer has 2–5 times less CO2 intensity compared to the baseline waterflood oil. Due to large manufacturing exergy of the synthetic polymers and surfactants, in some cases, the unit exergy investment for production of oil could be larger than that of the waterflooding. It is asserted that polymer injection into reservoirs with large water cut can be a solution for two major challenges of the energy transition period: (1) meet the global energy demand via an increase in oil recovery and (2) reduce the CO2 intensity of oil production (more and cleaner energy).
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference37 articles.
1. Smil, V. Natural Gas: Fuel for the 21st Century (Wiley, New York, 2015).
2. Bodansky, D. Nuclear Energy: Principles, Practices, and Prospects 2nd edn. (Springer Science & Business Media, New York, 2008).
3. Johansson, P. & Bengt, K. The Economics of Evaluating Water Projects (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2012).
4. Ferroni, F. & Hopkirk, R. P. Energy Return on Energy Invested (ERoEI) for photovoltaic solar systems in regions of moderate insolation. Energy Policy. 94, 336–344 (2016).
5. Farajzadeh, R. Sustainable production of hydrocarbon fields guided by full-cycle exergy analysis. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 181, 106204 (2019).
Cited by
34 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献