Author:
Gbashi Sefater,Maselesele Tintswalo Lindi,Njobeh Patrick Berka,Molelekoa Tumisi Beiri Jeremiah,Oyeyinka Samson Adeoye,Makhuvele Rhulani,Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji
Abstract
AbstractArtificial neural networks (ANNs) have in recent times found increasing application in predictive modelling of various food processing operations including fermentation, as they have the ability to learn nonlinear complex relationships in high dimensional datasets, which might otherwise be outside the scope of conventional regression models. Nonetheless, a major limiting factor of ANNs is that they require quite a large amount of training data for better performance. Obtaining such an amount of data from biological processes is usually difficult for many reasons. To resolve this problem, methods are proposed to inflate existing data by artificially synthesizing additional valid data samples. In this paper, we present a generative adversarial network (GAN) able to synthesize an infinite amount of realistic multi-dimensional regression data from limited experimental data (n = 20). Rigorous testing showed that the synthesized data (n = 200) significantly conserved the variances and distribution patterns of the real data. Further, the synthetic data was used to generalize a deep neural network. The model trained on the artificial data showed a lower loss (2.029 ± 0.124) and converged to a solution faster than its counterpart trained on real data (2.1614 ± 0.117).
Funder
National Research Foundation
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference69 articles.
1. McAnalley, B. H. & Aguayo, E. H. Chemistry of alcoholic beverages. In Garriott’s Medicolegal Aspects of Alcohol (eds. Garriott, J. C. & Aguayo, E. H.) (Lawyers & Judges Pub. Co., 2008).
2. Rodda, L. N., Beyer, J., Gerostamoulos, D. & Drummer, O. H. Alcohol congener analysis and the source of alcohol: A review. Forensic Sci. Med. Pathol. 9, 194–207 (2013).
3. Chan, M., Sy, H., Finley, J., Robertson, J. & Brown, P. N. Determination of ethanol content in Kombucha using headspace gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection: Single-laboratory validation. J. AOAC Int. 104, 122–128 (2021).
4. Alzeer, J. & Abou Hadeed, K. Ethanol and its Halal status in food industries. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 58, 14–20 (2016).
5. Regulation (EU). Regulation No. 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and re. Off. J. Eur. Union L304, 18–62 (2011).