Laser particles with omnidirectional emission for cell tracking

Author:

Tang Shui-Jing,Dannenberg Paul H.,Liapis Andreas C.,Martino NicolaORCID,Zhuo Yue,Xiao Yun-FengORCID,Yun Seok-HyunORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe ability to track individual cells in space over time is crucial to analyzing heterogeneous cell populations. Recently, microlaser particles have emerged as unique optical probes for massively multiplexed single-cell tagging. However, the microlaser far-field emission is inherently direction-dependent, which causes strong intensity fluctuations when the orientation of the particle varies randomly inside cells. Here, we demonstrate a general solution based on the incorporation of nanoscale light scatterers into microlasers. Two schemes are developed by introducing either boundary defects or a scattering layer into microdisk lasers. The resulting laser output is omnidirectional, with the minimum-to-maximum ratio of the angle-dependent intensity improving from 0.007 (−24 dB) to > 0.23 (−6 dB). After transfer into live cells in vitro, the omnidirectional laser particles within moving cells could be tracked continuously with high signal-to-noise ratios for 2 h, while conventional microlasers exhibited frequent signal loss causing tracking failure.

Funder

Foundation for the National Institutes of Health

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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