The model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum provides insights into the diversity and function of microeukaryotic DNA methyltransferases

Author:

Hoguin Antoine,Yang Feng,Groisillier AgnèsORCID,Bowler ChrisORCID,Genovesio Auguste,Ait-Mohamed OuardiaORCID,Vieira Fabio Rocha JimenezORCID,Tirichine LeilaORCID

Abstract

AbstractCytosine methylation is an important epigenetic mark involved in the transcriptional control of transposable elements in mammals, plants and fungi. The Stramenopiles-Alveolate-Rhizaria (SAR) lineages are a major group of ecologically important marine microeukaryotes, including the phytoplankton groups diatoms and dinoflagellates. However, little is known about their DNA methyltransferase diversity. Here, we performed an in-silico analysis of DNA methyltransferases found in marine microeukaryotes and showed that they encode divergent DNMT3, DNMT4, DNMT5 and DNMT6 enzymes. Furthermore, we found three classes of enzymes within the DNMT5 family. Using a CRISPR/Cas9 strategy we demonstrated that the loss of the DNMT5a gene correlates with a global depletion of DNA methylation and overexpression of young transposable elements in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. The study provides a view of the structure and function of a DNMT family in the SAR supergroup using an attractive model species.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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