Bone collagen from subtropical Australia is preserved for more than 50,000 years

Author:

Peters CarliORCID,Wang Yiming,Vakil Vikram,Cramb Jonathan,Dortch Joe,Hocknull ScottORCID,Lawrence RochelleORCID,Manne Tiina,Monks Carly,Rössner Gertrud E.ORCID,Ryan Helen,Siversson Mikael,Ziegler TimORCID,Louys JulienORCID,Price Gilbert J.ORCID,Boivin NicoleORCID,Collins Matthew J.ORCID

Abstract

AbstractAncient protein studies have demonstrated their utility for looking at a wide range of evolutionary and historical questions. The majority of palaeoproteomics studies to date have been restricted to high latitudes with relatively temperate environments. A better understanding of protein preservation at lower latitudes is critical for disentangling the mechanisms involved in the deep-time survival of ancient proteins, and for broadening the geographical applicability of palaeoproteomics. In this study, we aim to assess the level of collagen preservation in the Australian fossil record. Collagen preservation was systematically examined using a combination of thermal age estimates, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry, and protein deamidation calculations. We reveal unexpected subtropical survival of collagen in bones more than 50 thousand years old, showing that protein preservation can exceed chemical predictions of collagen survival in bone. These findings challenge preconceptions concerning the suitability of palaeoproteomics in subtropical Pleistocene environments. We explore potential causes of this unexpected result to identify the underlying mechanisms leading to this exceptional preservation. This study serves as a starting point for the analysis of ancient proteins in other (sub)tropical contexts, and at deeper timescales.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science

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