1. Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Dodds KM, Coplen DE, Yuan JJ, et al. Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 1991;324:1156–61.
2. Teoh JY, Yuen SK, Tsu JH, Wong CK, Ho BS, Ng AT, et al. The performance characteristics of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen density in Chinese men. Asian J Androl. 2017;19:113–6.
3. Teoh JY, Yuen SK, Tsu JH, Wong CK, Ho B, Ng AT, et al. Prostate cancer detection upon transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy in relation to digital rectal examination and prostate-specific antigen level: what to expect in the Chinese population? Asian J Androl 2015;17:821–5.
4. Catalona WJ, Richie JP, Ahmann FR, Hudson MA, Scardino PT, Flanigan RC, et al. Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6,630 men. J Urol 1994;151:1283–90.
5. Bill-Axelson A, Holmberg L, Garmo H, Rider JR, Taari K, Busch C, et al. Radical prostatectomy or watchful waiting in early prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2014;370:932–42.