1. Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts;
2. Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island;
3. Chattanooga Unit of the University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Chattanooga, Tennessee;
4. the Center to Improve Care of the Dying, RAND, Washington, DC; and
5. the Section of Outcomes Research, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and the Center for Clinical Effectiveness, Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.