1. Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Morinomiya 1-6-50, Joto-ku, Osaka 536-8553, Japan, and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan ishino@omtri.city.osaka.jp; komatsu@chem.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp