1. Department
of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
2. School of Geography & Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
3. Centre
for Environmental Science (Chesapeake Biological Laboratory), University of Maryland, Solomons, Maryland 20688, United States
4. Department
of Biology and Centre for Environment and Sustainability, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada