1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
2. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
3. Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
4. Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia