1. Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Department of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1181, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cooperative Research Center of Life Science, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe 659-2180, Japan; and Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, United Kingdom