1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367 Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
2. Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
3. Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada