Formation and History of the Agrarian Economy of Kazakhstan: The State of Development Today

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the history and formation of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan. In addition, the historical and economic assessment of the situation of modern scientific study of the agricultural sector is given. Elements of the formation of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan date back to the XIX century. During this period, the land of Kazakhstan existed as part of the Russian Empire. The administration of the Russian Empire carried out administrative and territorial reforms on the use of the lands of Kazakhstan for agricultural purposes. Based on this, settled and nomadic types of farms were formed in Kazakhstan. Until the 1920s, the dominance of animal husbandry was formed in the agrarian system. The establishment of the Soviet government in Kazakhstan radically changed the basic principles of the agrarian economy. The Soviet Union made great efforts to develop land farming instead of animal husbandry in the agricultural sector. To this end, various experimental agricultural reforms of the Soviets were carried out in Kazakhstan. In the 1960s and 1970s, the course of development of the agrarian economy of Kazakhstan stabilized. The main agricultural economy of the modern Republic of Kazakhstan is based on the production of agricultural and horticultural products. As part of this, state scientific grant projects have been organized for the development and study of this industry. In a modern market society with great competition, the study and improvement of the state of the agricultural sector is a priority for the state.   Received: 29 July 2023 / Accepted: 5 October 2023 / Published: 5 November 2023