Abstract
H
2
S is produced as a main end-product of anaerobic mineralization in anoxic, sulphate-rich environments by a diverse population of sulphate-reducing bacteria. The sulphate reducers can carry out an almost complete oxidation of detrital organic m atter to CO
2
. The H
2
S consequently becomes an important electron carrier from the anoxic to the oxic world. Thiobacilli and other colourless sulphur bacteria have the potential to oxidize the H
2
S at the oxic-anoxic interface in sediments or stratified waters, but their role is still poorly understood. A comparison of sulphide oxidation processes in the chemoclines of the Black Sea, the Solar Lake and in a
Beggiatoa
mat indicated that depth scales and retention times of coexisting O
2
and H
2
S regulate the bacterial involvement in the sulphide oxidation. The H
2
S specialists, Beggiatoa and Thiovulum, are optimally adapted to compete with the autocatalytic oxidation of H
2
S by O
2
. Microelectrode measurements show retention times of O
2
- H
2
S in the bacterial mats or veils of less than 1 s. In photic chemoclines of stratified waters or sulfureta, the phototrophic sulphur bacteria or cyanobacteria interact with the sulphide oxidation at the O
2
- H
2
S interface. Short cycles between H
2
S and intermediate oxidation products, S
0
or S
2
O
2-
3
, are created. The bacteria of the sulfuretum are highly adapted to the diurnal rhythm of light, O
2
and H
2
S.
Subject
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Business, Management and Accounting,Materials Science (miscellaneous),Business and International Management
Cited by
296 articles.
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