Affiliation:
1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3043, USA
Abstract
Lanchester's models of combat have been invoked to explain the mechanics of group fighting in social animals. Specifically, Lanchester's square law posits that the fighting ability of the group is proportional to the square of the number of combatants. Although used to explain a variety of ecological phenomena, the models have not been thoroughly tested. We tested the Lanchester models using group battles between colonies of the termite
Nasutitermes corniger
. Our main goals were to determine if mortality rates fit the Lanchester models, and if so, whether the behavioural mechanisms underlying a group's success match those used in deriving the model. We initiated battles between pairs of colonies with different ratios of fighters and recorded deaths over time. We found that the numerically larger army has an advantage, but that the advantage is not as pronounced as predicted by Lanchester's square law. We also video-recorded battles to analyse individual behaviour, which did not support the mechanisms invoked by Lanchester. Instead, the killing power of an individual is increased by the presence of nest-mates, giving the larger group a disproportionate advantage. Although the behavioural mechanisms leading to the advantage may differ, our results still support some of the proposed ecological phenomena.
Funder
Organization for Tropical Studies
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of Connecticut
Sigma Xi
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Environmental Science,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine
Cited by
3 articles.
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