Coupled effect of particle size of the source materials and calcination temperature on the direct synthesis of hydroxyapatite

Abstract

We report the effect of controlled particle size (obtained by using 80, 100, 120, 140 and 200 mesh) of the source materials on the synthesis of a well-known biomaterial, hydroxyapatite (Hap). In addition to this, we have also mapped the consequence of applied temperature (700°C, 800°C and 900°C) on the crystallographic properties and phase composition of the obtained Hap. Nevertheless, although with Hap, in each case, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was registered as the secondary phase the ANOVA test revealed that the results of the crystallographic parameters are significantly different for the applied sintering temperature 700°C and 800°C ( p < 0.05), while the data obtained for calcination temperature 800°C are not significantly different from that acquired at 900°C ( p > 0.05). Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer data ensured that, irrespective of mesh size and calcination temperature, the synthesized Hap samples were of carbonated apatite with B-type substitution. Interestingly, for all cases, the % of carbonate content was below the maximum limit (8%) of the CO 3 2 − ion present in bone tissue hydroxyapatite.