Coat–protein–mediated resistance to tobacco mosaic virus: discovery mechanisms and exploitation

Author:

Beachy Roger N.1

Affiliation:

1. The Scripps Research Institute, LaJolla, CA 92037, USA

Abstract

In 1986 we reported that transgenic plants which accumulate the coat protein of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) are protected from infection by TMV, and by closely related tobamoviruses. The phenomenon is referred to as coat–protein–mediated resistance (CP–MR), and bears certain similarities to cross protection, a phenomenon described by plant pathologists early in this century. Our studies of CP–MR against TMV have demonstrated that transgenically expressed CP interferes with disassembly of TMV particles in the inoculated transgenic cell. However, there is little resistance to local, cell–to–cell spread of infection. CP–MR involves interaction between the transgenic CP and the CP of the challenge virus, and resistance to TMV is greater than to tobamoviruses that have CP genes more distantly related to the transgene. Using the known coordinates of the three–dimensional structure of TMV we developed mutant forms of CP that have stronger inter–subunit interactions, and confer increased levels of CP–MR compared with wild–type CP. Similarly, it is predicted that understanding the cellular and structural basis of CP–MR will lead to the development of variant CP transgenes that each can confer high levels of resistance against a range of tobamoviruses.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Reference34 articles.

1. Beachy R. N. & Zaitlin M. 1977 Characterization and in vitro translation of the RNAs from less-than-full-length virusrelated nucleoprotein rods present in tobacco mosaic virus preparations.Virology 81 160^169.

2. Beachy R. N. Powell Abel P. Nelson R. S. Rogers S. G. & Fraley R. T. 1986 Transgenic plants that express the coat protein gene of TMV are resistant to infection by TMV. In Molecular strategies for crop improvement (ed. C. S. Arnzten & C. A. Ryan) pp. 205^213. New York: A. R. Liss.

3. Beachy R. N. Zaitlin M. Bruening G. & Israel H. W. 1976 A genetic map for the cowpea strain of TMV.Virology 73 498^507.

4. Bendahmane M. & Beachy R. N. 1998 Adv. Virus Res. (In the press.)

5. Studies of coat-protein mediated resistance to TMV: correlation between capacity of mutant coat-protein assembly and CP-MR;Bendahmane M.;J.Virol.,1997

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