Abstract
In alloys of copper and silver with many of the elements of the B subgroups, the first additions of the solute element result in the formation of a primary or
α
-solid solution in copper or silver, and, when the solubility limit of this is exceeded, a second phase is formed with a body-centred cubic structure, which may have a disordered (
β
), or an ordered (
β´
) structure. The two-phase areas of these equilibrium diagrams are characterized by the fact that the
α/α
+
β
and
α
+
β/β
phase boundaries are approximately parallel, and slope so that the solubility limit of the
α
phase increases with falling temperature; this kind of equilibrium will be called the
α/β
brass type of equilibrium, and is in contrast to the equilibrium between the
α
and
β´
phases, in which the phase boundaries follow quite different principles. It is well known that the
α/β
brass type of equilibrium is controlled largely by the electron concentration, i.e. the number of valency electrons per atom; a theory based on this assumption was advanced by H. Jones (1937
b
). In this theory the electron concentration only was considered, but it was shown by Hume-Rothery (1936) that the equilibrium was influenced by the atomic size factors and lattice distortions in the different systems.
Cited by
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