The 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko observation campaign in support of the Rosetta mission-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko observation campaign in support of the Rosetta mission

Published:2017-05-29 Issue:2097 Volume:375 Page:20160249
ISSN:1364-503X
Container-title:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
language:en
Short-container-title:Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

Author:

Snodgrass C.¹^ORCID,A'Hearn M. F.²^ORCID,Aceituno F.³,Afanasiev V.⁴,Bagnulo S.⁵,Bauer J.⁶,Bergond G.⁷,Besse S.⁸,Biver N.⁹,Bodewits D.²,Boehnhardt H.¹⁰,Bonev B. P.¹¹,Borisov G.⁵¹²,Carry B.¹³¹⁴,Casanova V.³,Cochran A.¹⁵,Conn B. C.¹⁶¹⁷,Davidsson B.⁶,Davies J. K.¹⁸,de León J.¹⁹²⁰,de Mooij E.²¹,de Val-Borro M.²²²³²⁴,Delacruz M.²⁵,DiSanti M. A.²³,Drew J. E.²⁶,Duffard R.³,Edberg N. J. T.²⁷,Faggi S.²⁸,Feaga L.²,Fitzsimmons A.²¹,Fujiwara H.²⁹,Gibb E. L.³⁰,Gillon M.³¹,Green S. F.¹,Guijarro A.⁷,Guilbert-Lepoutre A.³²,Gutiérrez P. J.³,Hadamcik E.³³,Hainaut O.³⁴,Haque S.³⁵,Hedrosa R.⁷,Hines D.³⁶,Hopp U.³⁷,Hoyo F.⁷,Hutsemékers D.³¹,Hyland M.²¹,Ivanova O.³⁸,Jehin E.³¹,Jones G. H.³⁹⁴⁰^ORCID,Keane J. V.²⁵,Kelley M. S. P.²,Kiselev N.⁴¹,Kleyna J.²⁵,Kluge M.³⁷,Knight M. M.²,Kokotanekova R.¹¹⁰,Koschny D.⁴²,Kramer E. A.⁶,López-Moreno J. J.³,Lacerda P.²¹,Lara L. M.³,Lasue J.⁴³,Lehto H. J.⁴⁴,Levasseur-Regourd A. C.⁴⁵,Licandro J.¹⁹²⁰,Lin Z. Y.⁴⁶,Lister T.⁴⁷,Lowry S. C.⁴⁸,Mainzer A.⁶,Manfroid J.³¹,Marchant J.⁴⁹,McKay A. J.¹⁵²³,McNeill A.²¹,Meech K. J.²⁵^ORCID,Micheli M.⁵⁰,Mohammed I.⁵¹,Monguió M.²⁶,Moreno F.³,Muñoz O.³,Mumma M. J.²³,Nikolov P.¹²,Opitom C.³¹⁵²,Ortiz J. L.³,Paganini L.²³,Pajuelo M.¹⁴⁵³,Pozuelos F. J.³³¹,Protopapa S.²,Pursimo T.⁵⁴,Rajkumar B.³⁵,Ramanjooloo Y.²⁵,Ramos E.⁷,Ries C.³⁷,Riffeser A.³⁷,Rosenbush V.⁴¹,Rousselot P.⁵⁵,Ryan E. L.⁵⁶,Santos-Sanz P.³,Schleicher D. G.⁵⁷,Schmidt M.³⁷,Schulz R.⁵⁸,Sen A. K.⁵⁹,Somero A.⁴⁴,Sota A.³,Stinson A.⁵,Sunshine J. M.²,Thompson A.²¹,Tozzi G. P.²⁸,Tubiana C.¹⁰,Villanueva G. L.²³,Wang X.⁶⁰⁶¹,Wooden D. H.⁶²,Yagi M.⁶³,Yang B.⁵²,Zaprudin B.⁴⁴,Zegmott T. J.⁴⁸

Affiliation:

1. School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK

2. Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2421, USA

3. Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain

4. Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Arkhyz, Russia

5. Armagh Observatory, College Hill, Armagh BT61 9DG, UK

6. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, M/S 183-401, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

7. Centro Astronómico Hispano-Alemán, Calar Alto, CSIC-MPG, Sierra de los Filabres-04550 Gérgal (Almería), Spain

8. ESA/ESAC, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain

9. LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, CNRS, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Paris-Diderot, 5 Place J. Janssen, 92195 Meudon Pricipal Cedex, France

10. Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany

11. Department of Physics, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA

12. Institute of Astronomy and National Astronomical Observatory, 72 Tsarigradsko Chaussée Boulevard, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria

13. Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Lagrange, France

14. IMCCE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Univ. Lille, France

15. University of Texas Austin/McDonald Observatory, 1 University Station, Austin, TX 78712, USA

16. Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

17. Gemini Observatory, Recinto AURA, Colina El Pino s/n, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile

18. The UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

19. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), C/Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Spain

20. Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

21. Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK

22. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

23. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Astrochemistry Laboratory, Code 693.0, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA

24. Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA

25. Institute for Astronomy, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA

26. School of Physics, Astronomy and Mathematics, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK

27. Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Ångströmlaboratoriet, Lägerhyddsvägen 1, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden

28. INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50 125 Firenze, Italy

29. Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 650 North A'ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA

30. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA

31. Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, allée du 6 Août 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium

32. Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS-Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France

33. CNRS/INSU; UPMC (Sorbonne Univ.); UVSQ (UPSay); LATMOS-IPSL, 11 Bld d'Alembert, 78280 Guyancourt, France

34. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany

35. Department of Physics, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad, West Indies

36. Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

37. University Observatory, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Scheiner Strasse 1, 81679 Munich, Germany

38. Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 05960 Tatranská Lomnica, Slovak Republic

39. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, UK

40. The Centre for Planetary Sciences at UCL/Birkbeck, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

41. Main Astronomical Observatory of National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, UKraine

42. Research and Scientific Support Department, European Space Agency, 2201 Noordwijk, The Netherlands

43. Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP-CNRS, Toulouse, France

44. Tuorla Observatory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Väisäläntie 20, 21500 Piikkiö, Finland

45. UPMC (Sorbonne Univ.); UVSQ (UPSay); CNRS/INSU; LATMOS-IPSL, BC 102, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France

46. Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University, No. 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City, 320 Taiwan

47. Las Cumbres Observatory, 6740 Cortona Drive, Ste. 102, Goleta, CA 93117, USA

48. Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK

49. Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK

50. ESA SSA-NEO Coordination Centre, Frascati (RM), Italy

51. Caribbean Institute of Astronomy, Trinidad, West Indies

52. European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile

53. Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Apartado 1761, Lima, Perú

54. Nordic Optical Telescope, Apartado 474, 38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

55. University of Franche-Comté, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers THETA, Institut UTINAM - UMR CNRS 6213, BP 1615, 25010 Besançon Cedex, France

56. SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA

57. Lowell Observatory, 1400 W. Mars Hill Road, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA

58. Scientific Support Office, European Space Agency, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The Netherlands

59. Department of Physics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India

60. Yunnan Observatories, CAS, China, PO Box 110, Kunming 650011, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China

61. Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, CAS, Kunming 650011, People's Republic of China

62. NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA

63. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1, Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan

Abstract

We present a summary of the campaign of remote observations that supported the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Telescopes across the globe (and in space) followed comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko from before Rosetta's arrival until nearly the end of the mission in September 2016. These provided essential data for mission planning, large-scale context information for the coma and tails beyond the spacecraft and a way to directly compare 67P with other comets. The observations revealed 67P to be a relatively ‘well-behaved’ comet, typical of Jupiter family comets and with activity patterns that repeat from orbit to orbit. Comparison between this large collection of telescopic observations and the in situ results from Rosetta will allow us to better understand comet coma chemistry and structure. This work is just beginning as the mission ends—in this paper, we present a summary of the ground-based observations and early results, and point to many questions that will be addressed in future studies. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Cometary science after Rosetta’.

Funder

UK Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Rutherford fellowship

NSF

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, and the National Natural Sciences Foundations of China

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,General Mathematics

Link

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsta.2016.0249

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