Nature of the high-speed rupture of the two-dimensional Burridge–Knopoff model of earthquakes
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Published:2018-11-26
Issue:2136
Volume:377
Page:20170391
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ISSN:1364-503X
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Container-title:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.
Author:
Kawamura Hikaru1ORCID,
Yoshimura Koji1,
Kakui Shingo1
Affiliation:
1. Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan
Abstract
The nature of the high-speed rupture or the main shock of the Burridge–Knopoff spring-block model in two dimensions obeying the rate- and state-dependent friction law is studied by means of extensive computer simulations. It is found that the rupture propagation in larger events is highly anisotropic and irregular in shape on longer length scales, although the model is completely uniform and the emergent rupture-propagation velocity is nearly constant everywhere at the rupture front. The manner of the rupture propagation sometimes mimics the successive ruptures of neighbouring ‘asperities’ observed in real, large earthquakes. Large events tend to be unilateral, with its epicentre lying at the rim of its rupture zone. The epicentre site of a large event is also located next to the rim of the rupture zone of some past event. Event-size distributions are computed and discussed in comparison with those of the corresponding one-dimensional model. The magnitude distribution exhibits a power-law behaviour resembling the Gutenberg–Richter law for smaller magnitudes, which changes over to a more characteristic behaviour for larger magnitudes. For very large events, the rupture-length distribution exhibits mutually different behaviours in one dimension and in two dimensions, reflecting the difference in the underlying geometry.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Statistical physics of fracture and earthquakes’.
Funder
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan
Publisher
The Royal Society
Subject
General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,General Mathematics
Cited by
1 articles.
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1. Statistical physics of fracture and earthquakes;Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences;2018-11-26