The Construction of Foot and Ankle Joint by Autologous Oxygen-Releasing Nano-Bionic Scaffold Combined with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

This study assesses the role of a scaffold constructed by co-cultivating autologous oxygen-releasing nano-bionic materials and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in joint repairing. A scaffold constructed of autologous oxygen-releasing nano-bionic materials and BMSCs was transplanted into SD rats. The immunofluorescence detected the expression of nuclear antigen (PCNA) and analyzed the proliferation of BMSCs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examined the expression of osteogenic markers and TUNEL staining analyzed BMSCs apoptosis. There was a significant difference in the apoptosis and proliferation cell number of BMSCs in ankle joint between solely autologous oxygen-releasing nano-bionic material scaffold group and composite BMSCs nano-bionic scaffold (P <0.05). There was a statistical difference in PCNA and TUNEL expression between two groups at 4 weeks and 8 weeks (P <0.05). The expression of osteogenesis markers in ankle joint at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks were continuously reduced, and the composite of autologous oxygen-releasing nanomaterials and BMSCs increased the expression of osteogenic markers (P <0.05). The composite scaffold constructed by autologous oxygen-releasing nano-bionic materials and BMSCs has a good two-way immune regulation function and is able to carry lipids, proteins, nutritional factors, and growth factors, which can effectively promote tissue engineering repairing and delay the scaffold degradation. Combined with the nano-release system to repair bone tissue, composite material can effectively promote the proliferation of joint osteoblasts and osteogenic differentiation, thus help repairing the ankle joint.