Bioinformatics Data Analysis of Hippocampal CA1 Region in Alzheimer’s Disease Reversing GSEA Using Construction of Protein Interaction Network of Key Genes

Abstract

We aimed to conduct bioinformatics analysis of genes differentially expressed in the cornu ammonis (CA1) region of the hippocampus of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at differents tages and to explore AD and Molecular mechanisms of occurrence. Prepared from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database to obtain data from the gene chip of early, middle, and late AD, screened genes with significantly different expressions, and constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI). The network uses cyto NCA software to acquire key genes. The results were screened out from the gene chip of different stages of AD (GSE28146) and 412 genes with differential expression at different stages were screened, using STRING The PPI network relationship was constructed, cyto NCA was constructed and combined with the network topology analysis, and a total of 12 key genes were screened out; GO and Pathway enrichment analysis showed that it is closely related to the regulation of nitric oxide synthase activity, apoptosis, hypoxia response, neuroinflammation and other biological processes, and the main signaling pathways involved are Rap1, Ras and NF-KB, TNF, and PI3K-Akt. This study found that the imbalance of genes EGFR, CD44, CDH1, MMP2, VIM, PTPRC, CAV1 and SOCS3 were lowly expression in the occurrence of AD, while IL1B, BCL2L, KITLG and NOS1 was highly expression in AD. And they may be potential biological markers or drug targets to prevent and treat AD. Totally, the imbalance of genes and signaling pathways associated with neuro-inflammation may be an significant factor in the occurrence of AD, and they may be potential biological markers or drug targets for the prevention and treatment of AD.