Fabrication and Electrochemical Evaluation of Cobalt Sulfide for Energy Storage Application

Abstract

This work significantly contributes to this field by focusing on the synthesis and application of cobalt sulfide (CoS) as an innovative electrode material. Utilizing a straightforward hydrothermal process, we successfully synthesized CoS, emphasizing the optimization of reaction conditions. This included a detailed exploration of different solvents, primarily water and ethanol, to determine their impact on the final product. A comprehensive characterization of these parameters was conducted, shedding light on their crucial role in the material’s performance. The electrochemical attributes of the CoS electrodes were tested using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge techniques. These investigations revealed that the CoS variant labeled as CoS_1 and CoS_2 demonstrated improved electrochemical properties. CoS_2 exhibited a specific capacitance of 360.0 Fg−1 at current load of 1.0 A/g. This superior performance of CoS_2 is largely attributed to its unique structural properties. The porous nature of CoS_2, coupled with its high surface area, plays a crucial role in enhancing its electrochemical capabilities. Furthermore, the material displayed impressive cyclic stability, maintaining up to 82.0% of its original capacitance. This level of durability highlights its suitability for long-term applications in energy storage devices. When tested in a three-electrode assembly, both CoS_1 and CoS_2 electrodes exhibited promising results. However, the distinct advantages of CoS_2, particularly in terms of capacitance and stability, underscore its potential as a superior candidate for energy storage applications.