The Effect of Genetic Stability Molecules on the Movement of Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Abstract

Objective: To give full play to the role of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in biomedicine, innovate the treatment model of human diseases, and study the effect of genetic stability molecules of hESCs on movement. Methods: hESCs were cultured by mechanical passage, type IV collagenase passage and 0.25% EDTA trypsin passage respectively to find the best passage way of hESCs culture; hESCs were differentiated into endometrial like cells through embryoid pathway in vitro, and the morphology of endometrial like cells was observed under light microscope; the genomic DNA of human embryonic stem cells was detected by SNP chip, and its components were analyzed. The SNP analysis of the samples before and after the induction of differentiation were used to extract the DNA of the endometrial epithelioid cells of hESCs, and the DNA microarray results before and after the induction of hESCs were detected. Results: type IV collagenase passage method took a long time and was not suitable to control the digestion time and inoculation density; 0.25% EDTA trypsin digested hESCs into a single cell state, which was not conducive to continuous growth after being inoculated in the feeder layer; mechanical passage method could cut into different sizes of clumps according to the needs, and could remove differentiated or deviated cells, which was more suitable for hESCs passage; light microscopically, the cells grow in a single layer and adhere to the wall, and the cells extending to the surrounding irregularity are spindle shaped. With the extension of differentiation time, the central part of the clone is loose, the cells fall off, and the surrounding cells grow intensively to the outer part of the clone. The mutant gene involves 1131 mutations and 24 chromosome mutations, of which the mutation rate of chromosome 19 is the largest, and it involves the length of chromosome 5. It is longer than that of other chromosomes, and there are many genes carried by it, which results in the exon mutations on chromosome 5. Conclusion: mechanical subculture is the best way for hESCs culture, and long-term subculture will affect the genetic stability of human embryonic stem cells.