Identification of Pathogenic Microflora and Its Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Cases of the Odontogenic Purulent Periostitis and Abscesses in the Oral Cavity

Abstract

Odontogenic infections are the most common infectious and inflammatory diseases of the maxillofacial area and problem of the causative pathogen identification is an actual task, part of a permanent process of updating and modernization of treatment and diagnostic protocols and standards. In presented study a purulent exudate from 13 patients with acute purulent odontogenic intraoral lesions was studied by bacteriological method with detection of sensitivity to antibacterial agents. Bacteriological studies showed that genus Streptococcus predominated in 69.23% cases. Pathogenic microorganisms in clinically significant concentrations (105 per 1 ml and above) (Streptococcus and Staphylococcus) were resistant to Tetracycline and Doxycycline, had moderate sensitivity to macrolides in 22.22% and resistance in 77.78%. Amoxicillin/clavulanate caused effective growth retardation in 22.22% cases and moderate delay – in 77.78% without cases of resistance. Sensitivity to cephalosporins was detected in 50.00% cases, moderate sensitivity – in 38.89%, resistance – in 11.11%. Fluoroquinolones were the most effective – sensitivity in 72.22% cases, moderate sensitivity – in 22.22%, resistance – in 5.56%. The most effective fluoroquinolones were Moxifloxacin and Ciprofloxacin. The highest resistance to antifungal agents was shown by genus Candida, antifungal susceptibility was observed only in 20.00% cases. The microbiota of purulent odontogenic inflammation in the oral cavity was identified in clinically significant concentrations in only 61.54% cases with predominance of Streptococcus. The most effective antibacterial agents for odontogenic purulent process may be considered among cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. There is a need to repeat similar studies in other regions of Ukraine and at other times of the year.