Changes in mortality rates and hospital mortality associated with bronchial asthma in the population of the Russian Federation (2014 – 2018)

Abstract

Bronchial asthma (BA) is one of the leading chronic non-communicable diseases in all age groups and has been noted by WHO and GINA due to the large socio-economic burden on society. Aim. The analysis of mortality rates (MR) and hospital mortality (HM) due to BA in the Russian population in 2014 and 2018. Methods. The statistical information of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation and Federal State Statistics Service of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation on the MR and HM associated with BA was used. Results. The mortality rate (MR) associated with BA in Russia was 1.2 per 100 thousand population in 2014 and 0.9 in 2018, which corresponded to 2% of mortality from all respiratory diseases. The maximum MR was registered in the Volga Federal District (in 2014 – 1.7, in 2018 – 1.1 per 100 thousand population). Among the working age population, the average MR due to BA was registered at the level of 0.4 per 100 thousand in 2014 and 0.3 in 2018. Among the population older than working age, MR was 4.2 in 2014. In 2018, MR due to BA decreased by 1.5 times to 2.7 per 100 thousand in the older age group (p = 0,026). MR due to BA in the urban population in 2018 was 2 times higher than in the rural population, and was 1.6 times higher in women than in men. Hospital mortality (HM) in the adult population in 2014 and 2018 stayed at the level of 0.3%. Conclusion. The early diagnosis and follow-up of patients with asthma and control of asthma among different age groups contribute to gradual decrease in MR.