Review of Pairing Exercises Involving a Real Event and its Virtual Model up to the Supervision of Complex Procedures

Abstract

Matching of a real procedure with its virtual model is performed in a variety of natural and artificial situations. The exercise of this concept in science, technology, and innovation is assessed in this review. This involves off-line as well as real-time pairing practices. The off-line case regards mainly management and ruling of elegant theories, computing tools imitating physical paradigms and computer aided design. The real-time pairing concerns in particular natural phenomena, online matching devices in autonomous automated systems and in complex procedures. The article is constituted of three consequential divisions: the observation-theory framework, innovations relative to matching concepts, and observation-modeling matching in complex procedures. The paper first presents a framework for the observation-theory pair. This will highlight the complementary aspect of such a duo, its ability to validate or invalidate an elegant theory, its use to explicate an observation, and finally, how a theory can unify different observations into an elegant mathematical representation. At the end of this section, innovative computing tools that imitate physical paradigms are exposed. In the following section, the paper then illustrates recent innovations relating to the notions of pairing concerning theories addressing natural functions and design approaches in industry, as well as the task of matching virtual estimates to their actual values in automated systems. The role of the observation-modeling pair in complex procedures is then investigated in the last part. In this frame, matched twins in complex procedures are examined, highlighting the concept of the digital twin. Examples of use of this concept are presented to illustrate the range of its applications in different domains, including energy, production, maintenance, mobility, healthcare, smart cities, etc. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2021-02-04-010 Full Text: PDF