Influence of Low-Intense Laser Radiation He-Ne Laser on the Composition and Content of Phospholipids and Sterols in the Tissue of Wheat (<i>Тriticum aestivum</i> L.) Callus Tissues

Abstract

Using chromatography-mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography, the effect of irradiation with He-Ne laser light on the composition and content of cell membrane components – phospholipids and sterols – in wheat callus tissues was studied. It was shown that irradiation of callus with laser light at a dose of 3.6 J/cm2 led to significant changes in the content of these components. Thus, the content of phosphatidylinositol increased in irradiated callus by 8 times, phosphatidylethonolamine by 2 times, the content of phosphatidic acid decreased by 20% of the sum of phospholipids. For sterols, it was established that irradiation caused the most significant changes in the content of β-sitosterol, which is dominant in plants (an increase from 1453 ± 170 μg/g of dry weight in the non-irradiated control to 2001 ± 112 μg/g of dry weight 1 h after exposure) and, due to this, in the total content of sterols. Analysis of the results obtained suggests that phospholipids and sterols, primarily those for which regulatory and signaling functions are known, are involved in the response of plant tissue to exposure to low-intensity laser radiation from a He-Ne laser. This participation is realized as a stressful (nonspecific) response to intense radiation.