Local treatment of liver and lung metastases from colorectal cancer: a multicenter Tunisian study

Abstract

Aim: Surgical treatment of hepatic or pulmonary metastases is the optimal therapeutic goal in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Our retrospective study concerned 70 patients treated for CRC, collected from 2003 to 2015, presenting liver metastases (LM) in 61 cases and pulmonary metastases (PM) in nine cases, treated by surgery for their distant disease. We collected and compared their epidemiologic, anatomoclinical parameters and analyzed several prognostic factors. Results: Metastases were multiple (≥ 4) in 9/61 LM and in 5/9 PM. Patients had synchronous metastases in 32 cases (30 LM/2 PM) and metachronous metastases in 33 cases (32 LM and 11 PM). Surgery for LM consisted of metastasectomy (49/61), segmentectomy (5/61) and hepatectomy for the remaining seven patients; ten patients had also subsequent liver radiofrequency. LM were treated by wedge resection in 6/9 and lobectomy in two cases, radiofrequency was performed in five cases. 56/61 (80%) patients received chemotherapy, mostly FOLFOX protocol as the first-line treatment and targeted therapy in 55% of cases. For the overall population, median OS and PFS were, respectively, 44 and 32 months. We did not observe any significant difference in terms of OS (p = 0.659) and PFS (p = 0.318) between resected LM or/and PM. A better survival was found when there was disease-free interval between the occurrence of the primary and the metastases exceeded 18 months and in patients with less than four metastases. Conclusion: Resection of metastatic disease mostly in liver and lungs improves survival of patients with CRC. The patients with longer disease-free interval and less than four metastases had the best outcomes.