Phenotypic Assay of Virulence Factors, Biofilms and Antibiotic Resistance among Enterobacterial Uropathogens from Cancer Patients

Abstract

Background: Virulence factors are associated with Enterobacterial uropathogens in cancer patients. Antimicrobial resistance in association with biofilm formation has intensified the pathogenicity of these uropathogens leading to high morbidity and therapeutic failures. Objective: This study determined and correlated the phenotypic virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm forming Enterobacterial uropathogens in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seven (107) samples were collected randomly and processed between April and October, 2018. Twenty-five (25) isolates were recovered and characterized. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against ten antimicrobials was performed using Kirby Bauer method. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was determined with double disk synergy test. Virulence markers haemagglutinin was detected with haemagglutination test, haemolysin was detected by red cell haemolysis and biofilm formation was determined with the Congo red agar on all the isolates. Results: Out of the twenty-five (25) isolates, E. coli (72%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%) and Proteus mirabilis (4%) were isolated. 92% isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and 80% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. 24% were positive for, ESBL, 4% for haemolysin test, 60% for haemagglutination and 40% for biofilm formation. From this study virulence markers were distributed among the isolates, however antibiotic resistance did not determine the presence or type of virulence markers. Conclusion: The present results may assist in developing strategic management of antibiotic therapy in cancer patients with urinary tract infections.