LOCALIZED FAT-FREE MASS DOES NOT INFLUENCE MUSCLE STRENGTH IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE BOYS

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Obesity in adolescents has increased worldwide, and is generally associated with poor eating habits and physical inactivity. Objective: To compare absolute and relative muscle strength with body mass (BM), fat-free mass (FFM) and localized FFM of upper and lower limbs among obese and non-obese adolescents. Methods: BM, height and body mass index (BMI) were verified in 39 male adolescents (aged 13-17 years). Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and maximal strength of upper and lower limbs was estimated by a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test. Participants were divided into three groups: eutrophic (normal weight) (n=11), overweight (n=14), and obese (n=14). One-way ANOVA was used to compare the variables, followed by a Bonferroni post-hoc test for multiple comparisons. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for relevant correlations and multiple linear regression to verify the influence of anthropometric variables, body composition and muscle strength of upper and lower limbs. Results: Obese and overweight adolescents had absolute muscle strength values similar to those of the eutrophic adolescents, which were lower when corrected by BM (p<0.001). However, muscle strength related to FFM and localized FFM were similar between groups in both upper and lower limbs. Linear regression showed that BMI explained 59% of the variation in absolute muscle strength of the lower limbs (β=0.59, p<0.05), FFM explained 84% of the variation in absolute muscle strength of the upper limbs (β=0.84, p<0.01) and 68% of the lower limbs (β=0.68; p<0.01), while localized FM was inversely associated in the lower limbs (β=−0.53, p<0.05). Conclusion: Muscle strength of lower and upper limbs, when corrected by localized FFM, does not distinguish between overweight and normal weight adolescents, indicating that obesity does not have a negative effect on generation of muscle strength in obese boys. Level of Evidence III; Case-control study.