Affiliation:
1. Holymoor Consultancy
Chesterfield, Derbyshire, UK
david@holymoor.co.uk
2. Båsum Boring AS
Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
3. Building Research Establishment Ltd (BRE)
Garston, Watford, UK
Abstract
AbstractHeat pumps extract heat energy from a low-temperature source and transfer it to a higher temperature sink, usually via a closed loop of volatile ‘refrigerant’ fluid in a compression/expansion cycle. They can be efficiently used for space heating (and cooling), extracting heat from seawater, rivers, lakes, groundwater, rocks, sewage, or mine water. Electrical energy powers the heat pump’s compressor. The ratio of total heat output to electrical energy input, called the coefficient of performance, typically ranges from 3.0 to 6.0. The use of mine water for space heating or cooling purposes has been demonstrated to be feasible and economic in applications in Scotland, Canada, Norway, and the USA. Mine water is an attractive energy resource due to: (1) the high water storage and water flux in mine workings, representing a huge renewable enthalpy reservoir; (2) the possibility of re-branding a potentially polluting environmental liability as a ‘green’ energy resource; and (3) the development of many mine sites as commercial/industrial parks with large space heating/cooling requirements. The exothermic nature of the pyrite oxidation reaction (> 1000 kJ/mol) implies added benefits if closed-loop systems can harness the chemical energy released in mine-waste tips. An appreciation of geochemistry also assists in identifying and solving possible problems with precipitation reactions occurring in heat pump systems.
Publisher
Geological Society of London
Subject
Geology,Ocean Engineering,Water Science and Technology
Reference47 articles.
1. Albu M. Banks D. Nash H. (1997) Mineral and Thermal Groundwater Resources (Chapman and Hall, London).
2. Banfield J. Gihring T. (2003) Sulfide Mineral Weathering and Acid Mine Research (Earth & Planetary Science Group, UC Berkeley) World Wide Web Address: http://www.seismo.berkeley.edu/~jill/amd/AMDresearch.html .
3. The abandonment of the Killingdal sulphide mine, Norway: a saga of acid mine drainage and radioactive waste disposal;Banks;Mine Water and the Environment,1994
4. Banks D. (2004) Proc. 2nd Advanced IMAGE-TRAIN Study Course, Groundwater management in mining areas (23–27 June 2003, Pécs, Hungary), Geochemical processes controlling minewater pollution (Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Vienna, Austria).
5. Abandoned mines drainage: impact assessment and mitigation of discharges from coal mines in the UK
Cited by
27 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献