Outcomes of pregnancy in Wilson’s disease: a population-based study from multiple centres of the Han population in China

Abstract

ObjectivesWilson’s disease is an autosomal recessive disorder related to copper metabolism which mostly patients occurs in adolescents, fertility has become a problem that WD needs to face.MethodsA 21 years retrospective follow up study was conducted and a total of 220 female patients were included to identify patients with outcomes of pregnancy.ResultsUntreated female patients with WD had a spontaneous abortion rate of 44%. During the study period, 146 female patients with WD from multicenter, 75 patients (51.4%) had successful outcomes of pregnancy. Notably, urinary copper levels below 616 μg/24 h were strongly associated with successful pregnancy. The nomogram built on these variables were age, urinary copper, haemoglobin and Child–Pugh classification, internally validated and showed good performance.ConclusionThe spontaneous abortion rate was 44% in untreated females with WD and developed a four-variable risk prediction model to accurately predict the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.