Author:
Zhang Wei,Tan Beiping,Deng Junming,Dong Xiaohui,Yang Qihui,Chi Shuyan,Liu Hongyu,Zhang Shuang,Xie Shiwei,Zhang Haitao
Abstract
Intestinal inflammatory disease induced by excessive soy protein substitutions for fish meal (FM) protein is a common phenomenon. The pearl gentian grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂, a marine fish with important economical and nutritional values, exhibited a similar problem. As far as we know, there are no reports on the full-length transcriptome of the pearl gentian grouper. In the present study, seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic (10% lipid) diets were prepared and fed to fish for 10 weeks. The water volume in each barrel was about 1 m3, using natural light and temperature. The results showed that 40% dietary soy proteins significantly negatively affected the growth performance of the pearl gentian grouper. Compared to the FM control, the content of immunoglobulin M and the enzyme activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and total superoxide dismutase in the intestine significantly increased; the content of malondialdehyde in the intestine significantly decreased; and the enzyme activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in the liver significantly increased. A library composed of seven different treated distal intestine tissues, including the FM control group, 20% soybean meal substitute for FM (SBM20), SBM40, 20% soybean protein concentrate (SPC20), SPC40, 20% fermented soybean meal substitute for FM (FSBM20), and FSBM40, was constructed and sequenced using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and the RNA-Seq technology. As a whole, this study obtained 420,006 full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. After error correction, sequence clustering, and redundancy, 82,351 transcripts with high quality were obtained. In addition, a total of 77,815 transcripts were annotated in seven databases (non-redundant protein sequences, non-redundant nucleotide sequences, Protein family, Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins, Gene Ontology, Swiss-Prot, and KEGG Orthology). Also, 49,093 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 141,702 simple sequence repeats were identified. Based on full-length transcriptome sequencing, the present study found that the Toll-like receptor/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of SBM- and FSBM-induced enteritis. SPC-induced enteritis is mainly accompanied by a general imbalance of the nutrition absorption-related signaling pathways, which only affects a small part of the immune-related signaling pathways. This study supplies new and valuable reference transcripts, which would better facilitate further research on the pearl gentian grouper.
Subject
Ocean Engineering,Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Global and Planetary Change,Oceanography