Fault detection in a distribution network using a combination of a discrete wavelet transform and a neural Network’s radial basis function algorithm to detect high-impedance faults

Abstract

High Impedance Fault detection in a solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind generator integrated power system is described in this paper using discrete wavelet transform and a neural network with radial basis function (NNRBF). For this paper, the integration of solar photovoltaic and wind systems was modelled in a MATLAB/Simulink environment to create an IEEE 13-bus system. Microgrids (MG’s) are mostly powered by renewable energy. Uncertainty about renewables has shifted attention to ensuring a steady supply and long-term viability. It has been addressed in the paper whether or not a small-scale distant end source connection may be made at the terminal of a radial distribution feeder. Some typical power system problems compromise the reliability of the grid’s power supply. To solve this problem, this study suggests a criterion algorithm based on the neural network with radial basis function (NNRBF), and a defect detection method based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The MATLAB/Simulink model of the system is then used to produce fault and travelling wave signals. The db4 wavelet is used to deconstruct the travelling wave signals into detail and approximate signals, which are then combined with the data from the two-terminal travelling wave localization approach for fault detection. After that, the optimal maximum coefficients of the wavelets are extracted and fed into the proposed radial basis function neural network (NNRBF). The results show that both the criterion algorithm and the fault detection algorithm are reliable in their assessments of whether or not faults exist in the power system, and that neither algorithm is particularly sensitive to variations in fault type, fault detection, fault initial angle, or transition resistance. After that, the optimal maximum coefficients of the wavelets are extracted and fed into the proposed radial basis function neural network (NNRBF). Overhead distribution system faults are simulated in Matlab/Simulink, and the technique is rigorously validated across a wide range of system situations. It has been shown through simulations that the proposed method can be relied upon to successfully and dependably protect high impedance fault (Hi-Z).