A novel Energy Resources Allocation Management model for air pollution reduction

Abstract

Although air pollution has been reduced in various industrial and crowded cities during the COVID-19 pandemic, curbing the high concentration of the crisis of air pollution in the megacity of Tehran is still a challenging issue. Thus, identifying the major factors that play significant roles in increasing contaminant concentration is vital. This study aimed to propose a mathematical model to reduce air pollution in a way that does not require citizen participation, limitation on energy usage, alternative energies, any policies on fuel-burn style, extra cost, or time to ensure that consumers have access to energy adequately. In this study, we proposed a novel framework, denoted as the Energy Resources Allocation Management (ERAM) model, to reduce air pollution. The ERAM is designed to optimize the allocation of various energies to the recipients. To do so, the ERAM model is simulated based on the magnitude of fuel demand consumption, the rate of air pollution emission generated by each energy per unit per consumer, and the air pollution contribution produced by each user. To evaluate the reflectiveness and illustrate the feasibility of the model, a real-world case study, i.e., Tehran, was employed. The air pollution emission factors in Tehran territory were identified by considering both mobile sources, e.g., motorcycles, cars, and heavy-duty vehicles, and stationary sources, e.g., energy conversion stations, industries, and household and commercial sectors, which are the main contributors to particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide. An elaborate view of the results indicates that the ERAM model on fuel distribution could remarkably reduce Tehran's air pollution concentration by up to 14%.