Prognostic value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in gastric cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests a correlation between the lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and the prognosis in patients with gastric cancer (GC) undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Nevertheless, the existing findings remain contentious.MethodsA comprehensive search of literature was conducted in databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, spanning from the inception of each database to August 30, 2023 to collect studies exploring the interplay between LMR and clinical outcomes. Eligible studies were selected following predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary outcomes encompassed progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which were estimated using hazard ratios (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsOur analysis incorporated eight cohort studies, involving 815 patients. Aggregate data revealed associations between an elevated LMR at baseline and prolonged PFS (HR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.47–0.71, p<0.00001) and improved OS (HR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.33–0.79; p=0.003). Furthermore, LMR exhibited a favorable association with PFS after treatment (HR=0.48; 95% CI: 0.29–0.79; p= 0.004), while such a correlation was not evident in the OS analysis. Importantly, a high level of LMR was associated with prolonged PFS across varying sample sizes, follow-up duration, treatment combinations, line of therapy, and cut-off values.ConclusionA high pre-treatment LMR is associated with improved OS and PFS in GC patients treated with ICIs. LMR emerges as a potent biomarker for prognostic assessment in these patients, offering valuable insights for informed treatment decisions within the domain of GC immunotherapy.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42021228512