Thinking Outside the Frame: Impacting Genomes Capacity by Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting

Author:

Riegger Ricarda J.,Caliskan Neva

Abstract

Translation facilitates the transfer of the genetic information stored in the genome via messenger RNAs to a functional protein and is therefore one of the most fundamental cellular processes. Programmed ribosomal frameshifting is a ubiquitous alternative translation event that is extensively used by viruses to regulate gene expression from overlapping open reading frames in a controlled manner. Recent technical advances in the translation field enabled the identification of precise mechanisms as to how and when ribosomes change the reading frame on mRNAs containing cis-acting signals. Several studies began also to illustrate that trans-acting RNA modulators can adjust the timing and efficiency of frameshifting illuminating that frameshifting can be a dynamically regulated process in cells. Here, we intend to summarize these new findings and emphasize how it fits in our current understanding of PRF mechanisms as previously described.

Funder

European Research Council

Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

Subject

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),Molecular Biology,Biochemistry

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