CRISPR/Cas as a Genome-Editing Technique in Fruit Tree Breeding

Author:

Martín-Valmaseda Marina1,Devin Sama Rahimi2ORCID,Ortuño-Hernández Germán3,Pérez-Caselles Cristian1ORCID,Mahdavi Sayyed Mohammad Ehsan2ORCID,Bujdoso Geza4ORCID,Salazar Juan Alfonso3ORCID,Martínez-Gómez Pedro3ORCID,Alburquerque Nuria1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Fruit Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC (Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitario Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain

2. Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran

3. Fruit Breeding Group, Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC (Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Campus Universitario Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain

4. Research Centre for Fruit Growing, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 1223 Budapest, Hungary

Abstract

CRISPR (short for “Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats”) is a technology that research scientists use to selectively modify the DNA of living organisms. CRISPR was adapted for use in the laboratory from the naturally occurring genome-editing systems found in bacteria. In this work, we reviewed the methods used to introduce CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing into fruit species, as well as the impacts of the application of this technology to activate and knock out target genes in different fruit tree species, including on tree development, yield, fruit quality, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The application of this gene-editing technology could allow the development of new generations of fruit crops with improved traits by targeting different genetic segments or even could facilitate the introduction of traits into elite cultivars without changing other traits. However, currently, the scarcity of efficient regeneration and transformation protocols in some species, the fact that many of those procedures are genotype-dependent, and the convenience of segregating the transgenic parts of the CRISPR system represent the main handicaps limiting the potential of genetic editing techniques for fruit trees. Finally, the latest news on the legislation and regulations about the use of plants modified using CRISPR/Cas systems has been also discussed.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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