Underexplored Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Artisanal Cheese Making in Brazil: Challenges and Opportunities

Author:

Hosken Bianca de Oliveira1ORCID,Melo Pereira Gilberto Vinícius2ORCID,Lima Thamylles Thuany Mayrink1ORCID,Ribeiro João Batista3,Magalhães Júnior Walter Coelho Pereira de3,Martin José Guilherme Prado1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Microbiology of Fermented Products Laboratory (FERMICRO), Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil

2. Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil

3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Unidade Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora 36038-330, Brazil

Abstract

Artisanal cheeses are prepared using traditional methods with territorial, regional and cultural linkages. In Brazil, there is a great diversity of artisanal cheeses (BAC), which have historical, socioeconomic and cultural importance. The diversity of the BAC between producing regions is due to the different compositions of raw milk, the steps involved in the process and the maturation time. The crucial step for cheese differentiation is the non-addition of starter cultures, i.e., spontaneous fermentation, which relies on the indigenous microbiota present in the raw material or from the environment. Therefore, each BAC-producing region has a characteristic endogenous microbiota, composed mainly of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). These bacteria are responsible for the technological, sensory and safety characteristics of the BAC. In this review, the biotechnological applications of the LAB isolated from different BAC were evidenced, including proteolytic, lipolytic, antimicrobial and probiotic activities. In addition, challenges and opportunities in this field are highlighted, because there are knowledge gaps related to artisanal cheese-producing regions, as well as the biotechnological potential. Thus, this review may provide new insights into the biotechnological applications of LAB and guide further research for the cheese-making process.

Funder

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 357

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Plant Science,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous),Food Science

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